Benzoyl peroxide is a medication primarily used topically to treat acne vulgaris. It is available in various over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription formulations, including gels, creams, lotions, washes, and masks.
Here's a breakdown of what you should know about benzoyl peroxide:
How it works:
- Antibacterial: It kills Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes), the bacteria involved in acne development.
- Keratolytic: It helps to break down keratin, a protein that can clog pores along with sebum (oil) and dead skin cells. This helps to unclog existing pores and prevent new comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) from forming.
- Anti-inflammatory: It can have mild anti-inflammatory effects, which can help reduce the redness and swelling associated with acne.
Common uses:
- Treatment of mild to moderate acne (blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples).
- Sometimes used off-label for other skin conditions like folliculitis and rosacea.
