Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is a white crystalline salt, highly soluble in water. It's commonly used in various industries, including:
1. Pharmaceuticals: As an expectorant in cough medicines and as a diuretic.
2. Agriculture: As a nitrogen source in fertilizers.
3. Food industry: As a food additive, stabilizer, and thickener.
4. Textile industry: In dyeing and printing processes.
5. Metalwork: As a flux in soldering and brazing.
6. Cleaning products: As a component in cleaning agents and disinfectants.
Some key properties of ammonium chloride include:
- Molecular weight: 53.49 g/mol
- Boiling point: 520°C (968°F)
- Melting point: 338°C (640°F)
- Density: 1.527 g/cm³
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water, 383 g/L at 20°C (68°F)
In the context of soap making, ammonium chloride can be used as:
1. A thickening agent to create a more gel-like consistency.
2. A stabilizer to improve the soap's texture and prevent separation.
3. A pH adjuster to achieve a specific pH level in the soap.
However, it's essential to use ammonium chloride in moderation, as excessive amounts can cause skin irritation or dryness.
