Lactose
_Chemical Formula:_ C12H22O11
_Composition:_
1. Glucose (C6H12O6)
2. Galactose (C6H12O6)
_Properties:_
1. Appearance: White crystalline powder
2. Odor: Sweet, characteristic
3. Molecular Weight: 342.3 g/mol
4. Solubility: Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol
5. Melting Point: 202-203°C
_Sources:_
1. Milk (cow, sheep, goat)
2. Dairy products (cheese, yogurt, butter)
3. Pharmaceutical applications
_Functions:_
1. Energy source
2. Prebiotic
3. Texture modifier
4. Sweetener
_Applications:_
1. Food industry (bakery, confectionery, dairy)
2. Pharmaceuticals (tablets, capsules, syrups)
3. Infant formula
4. Animal feed
_Nutritional Information:_
1. Energy: 4 kcal/g
2. Carbohydrates: 100%
3. Fiber: 0%
4. Protein: 0%
5. Fat: 0%
_Health Considerations:_
1. Lactose intolerance
2. Glycemic index: 46
3. Allergenic potential
_Regulatory Status:_
1. FDA-approved (USA)
2. EU-approved (Europe)
3. WHO-listed (WHO)
_Alternative Names:_
1. Milk sugar
2. Lactobiose
3. 4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose
